The Schengen Agreement Area: What You Need to Know

The Schengen Agreement is an important international treaty that governs the movement of people between European Union (EU) member states and certain non-EU countries. The agreement, which was signed in 1985 and came into effect in 1995, abolished internal border controls among its signatories, allowing for free movement of people and goods within the Schengen Area.

The Schengen Area includes most EU member states, as well as four non-EU countries: Iceland, Norway, Switzerland, and Liechtenstein. Together, these countries form a borderless area of more than 400 million people, covering an area of approximately 4.5 million square kilometers.

Benefits of the Schengen Agreement

One of the major benefits of the Schengen Agreement is the ability to travel freely between participating countries without undergoing passport control or customs inspections. This not only makes travel more convenient but also supports tourism and trade within the Schengen Area.

The agreement also supports the free movement of labor, allowing citizens of participating countries to live and work in any other country within the Schengen Area. This has resulted in economic benefits for both individuals and businesses, as workers are no longer restricted by national borders.

Challenges of the Schengen Agreement

While the Schengen Agreement has many benefits, it also presents certain challenges. One of the main concerns is the potential for increased security risks, as the removal of border controls may make it easier for criminals or terrorists to move freely within the Schengen Area. To address this concern, the European Union has implemented measures such as the Schengen Information System, which allows law enforcement agencies to share information about security threats.

Another challenge is the management of immigration and asylum policies within the Schengen Area. The agreement requires all signatories to have compatible policies and procedures for the admission of non-European Union citizens, but individual countries are still responsible for implementing their own policies. This can create inconsistencies and put a strain on weaker economies within the Schengen Area.

In conclusion, the Schengen Agreement has significantly impacted the way people travel and do business within Europe. While it has its challenges, the benefits of the agreement are clear, and it remains a cornerstone of European integration and cooperation.